1.Nutritional differences between fruit juices and whole fruits
Fruit juice generally is not better than whole fruit. Drinking juice is less healthful than eating whole fruit, even if it is freshly squeezed on the spot. It might be tempting to believe that since fruit juice is made directly from the fruit, it must have similar nutrients. However, such an approach needs to be revised. The leading causes of this difference are three.
Nutritional fiber
The fruit’s leftover pulp and peel are rich in nutritional fiber. The benefits of dietary fiber extend beyond only encouraging regular bowel motions. When fruit is consumed whole, the dietary fiber in the pulp bonds to the fruit’s natural sugar as it passes through the digestive tract. Due to this binding action, the body has a more challenging time and takes longer to absorb the sugar. Because of this, eating the fruit whole prevents the sugar from the fruit from accumulating in the blood as quickly as it would if drank the fruit’s pure juice. This procedure makes it easier for the body to use sugar as a direct energy source. (Wern et al. 2016)
Blood Sugar
On the other hand, consuming fruit juice straight causes a rise in blood sugar. When the body detects more sugar than required, it swiftly releases insulin, which causes a significant portion of the sugar to be converted to fat and glycogen in the blood. As a result, it becomes hungry again after a blood sugar surge (unless more food is consumed). Furthermore, eating more while hungry. Drinking pure fruit juice results in worse blood sugar control and higher calorie intake than whole fruits. When drinking fruit juice, people susceptible to blood sugar levels may also experience headaches, weakness, and irritability; however, these symptoms do not occur when eating whole fruits.
Healthy volunteers had sugar-equivalent meals of oranges, orange juice, grapes, and grape juice, according to a study led by L. F. Burroughs and published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The return of appetite was delayed, and satiety, as measured by two subjective scoring systems, was higher after whole fruit than after juice. In the case of oranges, as with apples before, there was a noticeably lower insulin response to fruit than to liquid and a smaller postabsorptive drop in plasma glucose. Intriguingly, a study by H. H. Stratton published in the journal Pediatrics discovered that “increased fruit juice intake was associated with excess adiposity gain among children who were initially either at risk for overweight or overweight, whereas parental offerings of whole fruits were associated with reduced adiposity gain.” (Wern et al. 2016)
vitamins and minerals
Many fruits have pulp and skin that are often rich in vitamins and other minerals. Many of these nutrients are lost when only the juice is extracted. Oranges, for example, are a good source of flavonoids, although most are concentrated in the pulp rather than the juice. Whole fruit is far healthier than fruit juice because it contains more dietary fiber and other nutrients in the skin and pulp.
2.Potential health benefits of juice consumption
Many people need more nutrients in their diet. The amount of nutrients in the meals has also decreased significantly over time. The long time it takes to get produce from the field to the shop, and processing techniques are the leading causes. There is a need for several nutrients that may also increase in a polluted environment or under intense stress. Vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and plant chemicals that may fight disease are abundant in fruits and vegetables. Juicing can be a practical way to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables if needed help, including the necessary quantity in the daily diet. According to one study, taking fruit and vegetable juice supplements for 14 weeks increased participants’ levels of beta carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and folate. In addition, a review of 22 studies discovered that consuming fresh fruit and vegetable juice or powder concentrate in a blended form increased levels of folate and antioxidants such as beta carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E. (Kandylis et al., 2020)
3.Potential adverse effects of excessive juice consumption on body composition
Fruit juice can replace other healthy drinks like adult water and infant breast milk. Due to its higher sugar and calorie content, fruit juice can lead to obesity and unwanted weight gain. Diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, hypertension, and other chronic health issues have all been linked to excessive weight gain.
The list of the healthiest high-fiber foods includes fruits. Fibre is one of the main benefits of fruit since it helps with digestion and fills up, so it consumes fewer calories overall. However, they miss out when drinking fruit juice.
Why we say so？
According to Sarah Rueven, MS, RD, creator of Rooted Wellness, “Juice lacks the fiber found in whole fruits and vegetables [because] the juicing process strips fruit and vegetables of their fiber.” That is why I always advise choosing a piece of fruit over a glass of fruit juice or mixing fruits and vegetables [into smoothies, which keep their fiber content]. (Beaudry, et al. 2019)
According to registered dietitian Amy Shapiro, MS, RD, founder of Real Nutrition, “When you drink an eight-ounce glass of juice, you are drinking the equivalent of about three to five pieces of fruit in just a few gulps.” Would you eat four oranges while you sit down? When you put it that way, though, no! You may quickly consume triple or quadruple servings because so much fruit is required to make even one serving of juice. Fruit isn’t a diet free-for-all, but it’s healthier to consume too much of it than, say, chips or chocolate.
According to Shapiro, this is essentially what occurs when we drink fruit juice: “Research shows that our bodies do not process the calories we consume in beverages like juice; consequently, we consume those calories and then we eat food on top of it.” To put it another way, it may not seem like a big issue to drink 150 calories of fruit juice, but since it will not make you feel delighted, you will end up eating more—and consuming more calories—making the juice’s 150 calories largely pointless. (Beaudry, et al. 2019)
4.The role of juices in a healthy and balanced diet and recommended daily intake.
Fruit and vegetable juices have a complicated chemical makeup and contain hundreds of chemicals. Juices contain biologically active substances such as polyphenols, organic acids, minerals, trace elements, water, and common metabolites like carbohydrates. Additionally, each variety of juice has its distinct mix of natural chemicals that can help to supply the body with micronutrients. The study and analysis of the nutrient makeup of commercially produced juices, which are currently consumed by the majority of the population, help to clarify the role that juices play in a healthy diet and are meant to aid in creating pertinent recommendations for their use. (Ruxton et al., 2021)
Nutrient Benefits of Drinking Juices
Juices can significantly increase the intake of some minerals and bioactive substances due to their high nutritional value. The most significant components are the polyphenolic chemicals (flavonoids, phenolic acids) and carotenoids (-carotene, lycopene) found in juices. Depending on the individual nutrient profile, all juices also contain significant potassium and magnesium. Citrus juices are a source of vitamin C and folates; pineapple contains manganese, vitamin C, and B vitamins; apple contains chromium; grapes contain molybdenum, iron, and chromium, pomegranate contains copper and tannins; and cherries contain iron, copper, and pantothenic acid. Juices without clarification and juices with pulp can be pectin and dietary fiber sources. In this situation, 75% of the nutrients (from the 32 analyzed) will have an NDI, i.e., give a significant intake of juice, according to the modeling of juice rotation in the diet. (Ruxton et al., 2021)
Recommendations for Juices in a Healthy Diet
To evaluate the role of juices in good nutrition and provide current recommendations for their intake, it is essential to consider the distinctive characteristics of each type of juice regarding the concentration of vitamins, minerals, and other biologically active components. These suggestions include mixing up the sorts of juices in the diet and, if necessary, picking out specific juices to put in it based on the person’s nutritional requirements.
5.Regular monitoring of body composition to adjust juice intake
Maintaining good overall health and longevity requires a healthy body composition. Numerous elements might impact it, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle decisions. Body composition analyzer is a crucial tool for nutritionists to assess nutritional status and track development during dietary treatments accurately. Natural increases in fat mass occur as people age, while lean mass, particularly bone, and muscle mass, gradually decreases. High body fat percentage raises the risk for early mortality, type 2 diabetes, various cancer types, and cardiovascular disorders. Reduced skeletal muscle mass increases the chance of developing sarcopenia, while significant declines in bone mineral density indicate osteopenia and osteoporosis. (Wang et al. 2012)
Moreover, it is critical to address undernutrition because it exacerbates the consequences of numerous illnesses. The relative contributions of fat mass and fat-free mass and changes in these compartments that may represent disease risk are kept from weight tracking or BMI calculations, even though doctors and dietitians frequently utilize these methods. So medical practitioners must grasp the advantages and disadvantages of the various body composition assessment techniques. (wang et al. 2012)
6.Tips for choosing healthy and nutritious juices
Examine the label
A beverage is not guaranteed to be healthful just because it says so on the label. Additionally, many drinks from the shop have substances that counteract all the goodness you hope for. Additionally, keep an eye out for extra sugars. To make up for all the “greenness,” several manufacturers pile on the sweetness. Last but not least, consider portions. White notes that although it can appear to be a small bottle, there are frequently two or more servings inside.
Turn cold
When possible, choose cold-pressed juices if you want to make sure your beverage is pure and healthy. According to Megan Roosevelt, RDN, a registered dietitian nutritionist in Los Angeles, “Cold-pressed juices are frequently made in what is known as a slow-masticating juicer that has low rpm [revolutions per minute] and does not produce heat, which helps the juice to retain its nutritional value.” (Willet, et al. 2017)
Choose potent substances.
“Foods that include turmeric prevent inflammation. Ginger is an anti-inflammatory that aids in digestion. The benefits of these superfoods can be obtained in various ways, according to White. While fruits are undoubtedly rich in excellent vitamins, try to incorporate more vegetables into your juices. Beets and carrots are two naturally sweet vegetables. Apples and pineapple are fruits that can help your juices taste less “green.”
Continue the season
The best action is always to eat seasonally and regionally, whether talking about juices, salads, or bowls. If your fruits and vegetables are in season and at their best, your juices will taste much better and be more flavorful, according to White. Citrus and pineapple, for instance, are always fantastic in the cooler months, yet watermelon is delectable and excellent in the summer. Plan your juice menu based on what is in the season after checking. (Willet, et al. 2017)
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the juice's health advantages?
Juicing, in the opinion of some, can aid in weight loss, better digestion, immune system stimulation, detoxification of the body, and a decreased risk of cancer. Although there is no scientific evidence, the juice you get from eating the fruit or vegetable is healthier than the juice removed.
What makes juice different from the entire fruit?
Fruit sugar is released during juicing, and fiber is removed. Fruits should always be consumed since they are high in fiber. “The presence of dietary fiber and other nutrients in the fruit’s skin and pulp makes it a healthier alternative than juice.
Is it okay to regularly consume fruit juice?
Fruit juice used in large quantities may contribute to excessive calorie intake. Your risk of obesity and other diseases like type 2 diabetes may rise. Regular consumption can cause weight gain because it gives you extra energy throughout the day.
Does hydration depend on body composition?
More fluid consumption is associated with healthier body composition. Therefore, increasing water consumption and maintaining a healthy water balance may help prevent overweight and obesity, while additional research is required to support the current findings.
Reference
- Wern, K. H., Haron, H., & Keng, C. B. (2016). Comparison of total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activities of fresh fruit juices, commercial 100% fruit juices, and fruit drinks. Sains Malaysiana, 45(9), 1319-1327. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/
- Kandylis, P., & Kokkinomagoulos, E. (2020). Food applications and potential health benefits of pomegranate and its derivatives. Foods, 9(2), 122. https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/2/122
- Beaudry, K. M., Ludwa, I. A., Thomas, A. M., Ward, W. E., Falk, B., & Josse, A. R. (2019). First-year university is associated with greater body weight, body composition, and adverse dietary changes in males than females. PloS one, 14(7), e0218554. https://journals.plos.org
- Ruxton, C. H., & Myers, M. (2021). Fruit juices: Are they helpful or harmful? An evidence review. Nutrients, 13(6), 1815. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/6/1815
- Wang, Y., Lloyd, B., Yang, M., Davis, C. G., Lee, S. G., Lee, W., … & Chun, O. K. (2012). Impact of orange juice consumption on macronutrient and energy intakes and body composition in the US population. Public Health Nutrition, 15(12), 2220-2227. https://www.cambridge.org/
- Willett, W., & Skerrett, P. J. (2017). Eat, drink, and be healthy: the Harvard Medical School guide to healthy eating. Simon and Schuster https://books.google.com.pk/
